| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʔ | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | |||||||||||||||
| Trill | ʙ | r | ʀ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Tap or Flap | ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fricative | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | ħ | ʕ | h | ɦ |
| Lateral fricative | ɬ | ɮ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ | |||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ | ɫ | |||||||||||||||||
| Ejectives | ʼ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiced implosives | ɓ | ɗ | ʄ | ɠ | ʛ |
| Clicks | ʘ | ǀ | ǃ | ǂ | ǁ |
| ʍ | ʡ | ʬ | ¡ | w | ɕ |
| ʭ | ǃ¡ | ɥ | ʑ | ʪ | ʜ |
| ɺ | ʫ | ʢ | ɧ | ʩ |
| ◌̩ Syllabic | ◌ʰ Aspirated | ◌˭ Unaspirated | ◌ʼ Ejective | ◌͡ Affricate or double articulation | ◌͜ Affricate or double articulation | ||
| ◌̃ Nasalized | ◌ʷ Labialized | ◌ʲ Palatalized | ◌ˠ Velarized | ◌̴ Velarized or pharyngealized | ◌ˤ Pharyngealized | ||
| ◌̥ Voiceless | ˬ Voicing | ◌̬ Voiced | ◌̤ Breathy voiced | ◌̰ Creaky voiced | |||
| ◌˔ Raised | ◌̝ Raised | ◌˕ Lowered | ◌̞ Lowered | ◌͆ Dentolabial | ◌̼ Linguolabial | ◌͍ Labial spreading | |
| ◌̪ Dental | ◌͇ Alveolar | ◌̺ Apical | ◌̻ Laminal | ◌̪͆ Interdental/bidental | |||
| ◌̚ No audible release | ◌ˡ Lateral release | ◌ⁿ Nasal release | ◌͋ Nasal escape | ◌͊ Denasal | ◌͌ Velopharyngeal friction | ||
| Tones and Word Accents | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ◌̋ | ˥ | ◌̌ | ↓ | ||||
| ◌́ | ˦ | ◌̂ | ↑ | ||||
| ◌̄ | ˧ | ◌᷄ | ↗ | ||||
| ◌̀ | ˨ | ◌᷅ | ↘ | ||||
| ◌̏ | ˩ | ◌᷈ | |||||
Vowels
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Diacritics
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